Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse
A free Trigonometry lesson from the “Right Triangle Trigonometry” unit, with a worked example and practice problems including step-by-step solutions.
Right-triangle trigonometry connects an acute angle to side ratios. Students label opposite, adjacent, and hypotenuse from the chosen angle, then use sine, cosine, tangent, or inverse trig to compute a missing side, missing angle, height, distance, or sight line.
What you'll learn
- Label right-triangle sides from a chosen angle
- Set up sine, cosine, tangent, and inverse-trig equations
- Compute side lengths, angles, heights, and distances
Worked example
Problem. Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: A 60-degree angle has hypotenuse 60. Find the opposite side to the nearest tenth.
- Use sine because opposite and hypotenuse are involved.
- opposite = 60sin(60).
- Round at the end.
Answer: 52
Practice problems
1. Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: For angle theta, opposite = 21 and hypotenuse = 75. Find sin(theta).
Show solution
- Warm-up: First identify exactly what the question is asking: Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: For angle theta, opposite = 21 and hypotenuse = 75. Find sin(theta).
- Use the relevant geometric relationship first, then set up an equation from the angle measures or side relationships.
- Sine is opposite over hypotenuse.
- Use 21/75.
- Simplify to 7/25.
- Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match 7/25 and make sense in the original problem.
Answer: 7/25
2. Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: For angle theta, adjacent = 60 and hypotenuse = 68. Find cos(theta).
Show solution
- Warm-up: First identify exactly what the question is asking: Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: For angle theta, adjacent = 60 and hypotenuse = 68. Find cos(theta).
- Use the relevant geometric relationship first, then set up an equation from the angle measures or side relationships.
- Cosine is adjacent over hypotenuse.
- Use 60/68.
- Simplify to 15/17.
- Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match 15/17 and make sense in the original problem.
Answer: 15/17
3. Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: For angle theta, opposite = 45 and adjacent = 200. Find tan(theta).
Show solution
- Warm-up: First identify exactly what the question is asking: Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: For angle theta, opposite = 45 and adjacent = 200. Find tan(theta).
- Use the relevant geometric relationship first, then set up an equation from the angle measures or side relationships.
- Tangent is opposite over adjacent.
- Use 45/200.
- Simplify to 9/40.
- Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match 9/40 and make sense in the original problem.
Answer: 9/40
4. Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: A 60-degree angle has hypotenuse 60. Find the opposite side to the nearest tenth.
Show solution
- Core Practice: First identify exactly what the question is asking: Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: A 60-degree angle has hypotenuse 60. Find the opposite side to the nearest tenth.
- Use the relevant geometric relationship first, then set up an equation from the angle measures or side relationships.
- Use sine because opposite and hypotenuse are involved.
- opposite = 60sin(60).
- Round at the end.
- Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match 52 and make sense in the original problem.
Answer: 52
5. Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: A 30-degree angle has adjacent side 12. Find the hypotenuse to the nearest tenth.
Show solution
- Core Practice: First identify exactly what the question is asking: Opposite, Adjacent, and Hypotenuse: A 30-degree angle has adjacent side 12. Find the hypotenuse to the nearest tenth.
- Use the relevant geometric relationship first, then set up an equation from the angle measures or side relationships.
- Use cosine because adjacent and hypotenuse are involved.
- cos(theta) = adjacent/hypotenuse.
- Divide by cos(theta).
- Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match 13.9 and make sense in the original problem.
Answer: 13.9
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