CMClearMathAcademy

Function Notation Review

A free Algebra II lesson from the “Functions and Notation” unit, with a worked example and practice problems including step-by-step solutions.

Function notation names a rule. In f(x), x is the input and f(x) is the output. To evaluate a function, substitute the input everywhere the variable appears.

What you'll learn

Why it matters: Tax brackets, shipping rate tables, and fuel-economy charts use function notation so that the rule and the value are unambiguous. Reading f(7) as 'the output when the input is 7' keeps a calculation honest no matter how complex the rule is.

Worked example

Problem. If f(x) = 3x - 4, find f(7).

  1. Substitute 7 for x.
  2. f(7) = 3(7) - 4.
  3. 21 - 4 = 17.

Answer: 17

Practice problems

1. If f(x) = 2x + 5, find f(3).

Show solution
  1. Warm-up: First identify exactly what the question is asking: If f(x) = 2x + 5, find f(3).
  2. For function notation, treat the value inside parentheses as the input and carefully substitute it into the rule.
  3. Substitute 3.
  4. 2(3) + 5 = 11.
  5. Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match 11 and make sense in the original problem.

Answer: 11

2. If g(x) = x^2 - 4, find g(6).

Show solution
  1. Warm-up: First identify exactly what the question is asking: If g(x) = x^2 - 4, find g(6).
  2. For function notation, treat the value inside parentheses as the input and carefully substitute it into the rule.
  3. 6^2 - 4 = 32.
  4. Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match 32 and make sense in the original problem.

Answer: 32

3. If h(t) = 3t - 1, find h(-2).

Show solution
  1. Core Practice: First identify exactly what the question is asking: If h(t) = 3t - 1, find h(-2).
  2. For signed numbers, track both distance from zero and direction so the sign of the answer makes sense.
  3. 3(-2) - 1 = -7.
  4. Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match -7 and make sense in the original problem.

Answer: -7

4. In f(4) = 9, the output is...

Choices: 9 · 4 · f · 13

Show solution
  1. Core Practice: First identify exactly what the question is asking: In f(4) = 9, the output is...
  2. Use inverse operations to isolate the unknown, and keep both sides balanced at every step.
  3. The function value is the output.
  4. Verify the selected choice by checking that it satisfies the original prompt and that the other choices fail the same test.

Answer: 9

5. If p(x) = x^2 + 2x and p(a) = 15 when a = 3, what is p(3)?

Show solution
  1. Challenge: First identify exactly what the question is asking: If p(x) = x^2 + 2x and p(a) = 15 when a = 3, what is p(3)?
  2. For function notation, treat the value inside parentheses as the input and carefully substitute it into the rule.
  3. The notation p(a) means evaluate the rule at a.
  4. Check the result by substituting or estimating: the response should match 15 and make sense in the original problem.

Answer: 15

Practice this interactively with instant feedback and an AI tutor.

Practice Function Notation Review Take the free placement check

More Algebra II lessons